Frombork, which has today barley about two and half thousand of people, but it this city is so much attractions that could share with more than one. Tourists like a magnet are attracting by cathedral, considered the pearl of Gothic architecture, the fame of the great scholar of Nicolaus Copernicus, who wasn’t born in Frombork but he bound his life with this city. Depart here also fascinated by the figure of no less famous Pan Samochodzik, on your own to explore the mysteries of Frombork.

Frombork is situated on the Vistula Lagoon, on the ElblągUpland, gently sloping to the sea, administratively belongs to Braniewo district.

The first mention of the settlement Castrum Dominae Nostrae - Bourough of Our Lady on the spot where the city later developed, appeared in a document from 1278, the local people remained with fishing and crafts. he importance of the settlement grew, when Bishop HenryFleming moved the chapter, and later became the seat of the bishopric (the fourteenth century, when it was moved to LidzbarkWarmiński), and in 1310 received its town charter and coat of arms. In 1329, the highest hill of the city (20 m), where stood a wooden church, began the construction of a stone cathedral.

Diocese of Warmia belonged to the monastic state, but retained considerable autonomy, and therefore was often invaded by commanders. After “the peace of Toruń” it(1466) returned to Polish.

Access to it, as well as the Chapter and the bishop's palace, defended the system of fortification: walls, gates, including main gate of the barbican (destroyed in the seventeenth century), turrets and towers. The nature of the defense were also erected outside the walls of the canon (XV-XVIII century).

At the foot of the hill stands a statue of Nicolaus Copernicus. Shadow cast by statuesque silhouette of astronomer, shows the current time.

The most ornate of the outside top of the cathedral was built between1370-1380. It finished with an arcaded gallery, climbing up on both sides of the facade to the roof ridge and topped with a statue of the patron. As a decorative element on top is also used regularly spaced ogival, blind window, called the blind windows. Above them, in turn, were placed round holes. Centralis a slim, tall and reaches the top, the sides adjacent to it two little below them, and after two medium blend. Ends of the facade of the cathedral appoint two octagonal, four-storey towers, which were placed sleek helmets.

Entrance to the temple is decorated with pointed arch portal(1380) of granite, probably imported from Gotland, artificial stone and terracotta tiles. Unknown artist carved fighting lions and basilisks. Decorative floral motifs and animal also placed on archivolt. Second, no less beautiful portal, but a bit younger, made after the completion of the cathedral, that is after 1388, is located between the porch and the nave. Its decorative tracery jamb covers and fills the rows of figures archivolt.

The nave of the church is covered with the starry firmament, and the western - rib made ​​of artificial stone and richly decorated in the figures of angels, musical instruments, candlesticks, books. But it takes your breath away not only the decoration of the ceiling, under their feet on the floor, you can read a large part of the history of Frombork from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century, There is about a hundred tombstones, epitaphs and tombstones of this period. Later burial prelates were transferred to a cemetery near the Cathedral Hill.

Adhere to the walls of the cathedral porches also improve defenses of cathedral. The only interpolation is extended porch ofthe west facade of neo-Gothic style in the attic from first mid-nineteenth century.

 Near the cathedral is a quadrilateral bell tower from the seventeenth century, called the Tower Radziejowski. From vantage point are created the most beautiful shots of the vast panorama of the cathedral in Frombork background. But the tower itself - now housed in the observatory - it is an interesting object in terms of architecture. It originally had a defensive character. Evidenced by the base of the tower, an octagonal bastion of 7 m thick, which has erected cannon or even the entire battery. On it was made of the superstructure (quadrilateral) pulling up to the tower ... For tourists with astronomical passions. Another attraction is the Foucault pendulum located here. 46-pound metalball on a thin steel rope with a length of 28.5 m moves with therotation of the Earth. Location of the pendulum can be determined by observing the red slats on the floor. Frombork his turn takes 29.5 hours (this is related to distance from the pole) at the equator - does not move at all.

Cathedral and St. Mary and Andrew is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture, not only in Poland but also this part of Europe and overshadow his swing, so after visiting the question arises, what else is worth seeing in Frombork?

Visiting the city can not ignore the former hospital of St. Spirit, which has survived unchanged since the seventeenth century,with the Chapel of St. Anna still decorated with paintings from the fifteenth century, the fourteenth-century church of St. Nicholas with seventeenth-century bell tower. 
From the port of sailing tower greets visitors coming back to thefifteenth century, while aiming center by car from the side of Elblag first building, which will attract our attention to water supply tower from the fourteenth century. It is worth a stop, because the times in which they arose was a miracle technique. Was part of the water system - a channel moving mills, combined with the river and overhead gutters Baud, which was supplied with water buckets to the Cathedral Hill.

The number of honorary citizens of Frombork is almost the sameas the number of inhabitants. Most of them, the title was grantedfor participation (years 1966-1973) in the scouting of the "Operation 1001 Frombork," rebuild the city, which during the Second World War destroyed almost 70 percent.

One of the greatest mysteries of Frombork was the burial place of Nicolaus Copernicus. The discovery of his remains (theirauthenticity confirmed by DNA tests) in 2005 by Polish scientistsproved a sensation worldwide. 22 May 2010, fragments of skull and leg bones Copernicus will be re-buried. (Translated by Paweł Pisera)

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